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Abstract:
Snow and ice temperature on the floating Ice Camp was measured during a period of 12 days. The measurement was performed on the snow-covered ice floe. The temperature sensors were distributed in the snow and upper layer of the ice layer.The snow and ice temperature were measured by a ice thermistor string with 11 sensors. The geometry locations of each thermistor sensor on the stick are given below:
Stick top --------------------------------------------------------- Stick bottom
Sensor 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1
The distance:
Top-S11: 3.5cm
S11-S10: 13.0cm
S10-S09: 5.0cm
S09-S08: 5.0cm
S08-S07: 5.0cm
S07-S06: 5.0cm
S06-S05: 5.0cm
S05-S04: 5.0cm
S04-S03: 7.0cm
S03-S02: 12.0cm
S02-S01: 8.0cm
S01-bottom: 4.25cm
There are 16 columns in the data file. Each column is:
1: UTC time; 2: S11; 3: S10; 4: S9; 5: S8; 6: S7; 7: S6; 8: S5; 9: S4; 10: S3; 11:S2; 12:S1, 13: snow1; 14:snow2; 15: Tsfc; 16: precipitation
Note: column13(snow1) is actually derived from column16(precipitation) by
assuming ds=150kg/m3; column14(snow2) is the calculated net surface topography by using snow1 as the model input
S* means the number of sensor. S11 is near surface and S1 is inside the deep ice.
Sensor 10 was located at the snow surface when we deployed the thermistor string, while the snow surface was pretty close to the sensor 11 at he end of our observation, i.e. the snowfall + snow melting + snow drift are totally contribute some 13cm. I think this maybe quite colse to the NCEP/NCAR re-analysis data, according to NCAR data, the water equivalence of accumulate snow depth was about 100kg/m2, if we assume the snow density= 450 -550 kg/m3, then the average snow thickness = 0.22 - 0.18 m, the average snow thickness we measured was about 0.29cm, if we do 0.29-0.18 =0.11 so it =~13cm. The NCAR snowfall during the ice camp period was about 0.24cm, and it is not far from our in situ measurement. At the end of measurement, we saw 12-11cm fresh soft snow and the total snow thickness around the stick was some 20 cm.
Bear in mind that S11 was located just above the snow surface all time around, it maybe affected by the solar heating and the value recorded may not correct.